Frequency maps angular power spectra
HFI detset maps power spectra[edit]
Angular power spectra of cut sky CMB dominated maps are provided to allow
independent cosmological analysis at high $\ell$.
Product description[edit]
The auto and cross-spectra of the 13 detector (set) maps at 100, 143 and 217GHz, all analyzed on the same 42.8% of the sky, are provided. The mask used is apodized to reduce the power leakage from large scale to small scale (see input section). Except for the removal of the most contaminated pixels through masking, no attempt at astrophysical components separation has been performed.
For each pair of detectors $X$ and $Y$, are provided,
- the unbinned estimated power spectrum $\hat{C}^{XY}_\ell$ for all $\ell$ from 0 to 3508, as well as
- the unbinned symmetric covariance matrix
\begin{align}
\hat{M}^{XY}_{\ell \ell'} \equiv \langle\Delta \hat{C}^{XY}_\ell\Delta \hat{C}^{XY}_{\ell'}\rangle
\label{eq:covmatCl}
\end{align} for all $\ell$ on the same range. At the price of some extra hypotheses, that information can be used to build the likelihood of a given theoretical power spectrum $C_{\ell}$ given the data, and therefore determine the best cosmological models fitting the data. Several examples of such high-$\ell$ likelihoods are described, discussed and compared in #planck2013-p08.
$ \newcommand{\bfE}{\boldsymbol{\mathrm{E}}} \newcommand{\bfM}{\boldsymbol{\mathrm{M}}} \newcommand{\bfx}{\boldsymbol{\mathrm{x}}} \newcommand{\lmax}{\ell_{\mathrm{max}}} $ Note that $\hat{\bfM}$ only describes the statistical covariance of the power spectrum induced by the signal and noise of the input map on the cut sky begin analyzed. Most sources of systematic effects (such as uncertainty on the beam modeling) as well as post-processing steps (such as foreground subtraction) will increase the covariance. In the particular case of the uncertainty on the beam window functions $B(l)$, the RIMO provides for each pair $XY$ a set of eigen-vectors $E_{p}^{XY}(\ell)$ of the relative error on $B^{XY}_{\ell}$ (see "HFI time response and beams paper"planck2013-p03c), defined for $p$ in $[1,5]$ and $\ell$ in $[0, \lmax]$ (with $\lmax$ being 2500, 3000 or 4000 when the lowest of the nominal frequencies of the detectors $X$ and $Y$ is respectively 100, 143 or 217GHz). The extra contribution to the covariance of $C^{XY}_\ell$ is then \begin{align}
\hat{M}^{XY, \mathrm{beam}}_{\ell_1 \ell_2} = 4 \hat{C}^{XY}_{\ell_1} \hat{C}^{XY}_{\ell_2} \sum_{p=1}^{5} E^{XY}_p(\ell_1) E^{XY}_p(\ell_2).
\label{eq:covmatBeam}
\end{align}
Production process[edit]
Auto and Cross Power Spectra[edit]
The spectra computed up to ell=3508 using PolSpice (http://prof.planck.fr/article141.html, Szapudi, Prunet & Colombi (2001), Chon et al (2004)) are corrected from the effect of the cut sky, and from the nominal beam window function and average pixel function. The different steps of the calculation are
- computation of the Spherical Harmonics coefficients of the masked input maps $\Delta T^X(p)$ and of the input mask $w(p)$,
\begin{align}
\tilde{a}^X_{\ell m} = \sum_p \Omega_p\, \Delta T^X(p)\, w(p)\, Y^*_{\ell m}(p), \label{eq:almdef}
\end{align} \begin{align}
\tilde{w}^{(n)}_{\ell m} = \sum_p \Omega_p\ w^n(p)\, Y^*_{\ell m}(p); \label{eq:wlmdef}
\end{align} where the sum is done over all sky pixels $p$, $\Omega_p$ is the pixel area, and $n$ is either 1 or 2;
- the sky (cross or auto) pseudo-power spectrum and mask power spectrum are computed from the $\tilde{a}_{\ell m}$ and $\tilde{w}_{\ell m}$,
\begin{align}
\tilde{C}^{XY}_\ell = \sum_{\ell m} \tilde{a}^X_{ m} \tilde{a}^{Y^*}_{\ell m} / (2 \ell + 1), \label{eq:alm2cl}
\end{align} \begin{align}
\tilde{W}^{(n)}_\ell = \sum_{\ell m} \tilde{w}^{(n)}_{ m} {\tilde{w}^{(n)}}^*_{\ell m} / (2 \ell + 1); \label{eq:wlm2wl}
\end{align}
- the sky and mask angular correlation function are computed from the respective power spectra,
\begin{align}
\tilde{\xi}(\theta) = \sum_\ell \frac{2\ell+1}{4\pi} \tilde{C}_{\ell} P_\ell(\theta),\label{eq:cl2xi}
\end{align} \begin{align}
\tilde{\xi}_W(\theta) = \sum_\ell \frac{2\ell+1}{4\pi} \tilde{W}^{(1)}_{\ell} P_\ell(\theta),
\end{align} where $P_\ell$ is the Legendre Polynomial of order $\ell$;
- the ratio of the sky angular correlation by the mask correlation provides the cut sky corrected angular correlation,
\begin{align}
\xi(\theta) = \tilde{\xi}(\theta) / \tilde{\xi}_W(\theta); \label{eq:xi_deconv}
\end{align}
- the sky angular correlation function which is then turned into a angular power spectrum,
\begin{align}
{C'}_\ell = 2\pi \sum_i w_i \xi(\theta_i) P_\ell(\theta_i), \label{eq:xi2cl}
\end{align} where $w_i$ are the weights of the Gauss-Legendre quadrature, for $\theta$ in $[0, \pi]$;
- the resulting power spectrum is corrected from the nominal beam window function $B_\ell$ and average pixel window function $w_{\mathrm{pix}}(\ell)$, to provide the final Spice estimator $\hat{C}_\ell$,
\begin{align}
\hat{C}_\ell = {C'}_\ell / \left( B^2_\ell w^2_{\mathrm{pix}}(\ell) \right). \label{eq:clfinal}
\end{align}
Covariance Matrices[edit]
The covariance matrix for the pair $XY$ is computed by PolSpice using the formalism described in Efstathiou (2004), also sketched in the appendix of "CMB power spectra and likelihood paper"planck2013-p08, assuming the instrumental noise to be white and uniform.
$ \newcommand{\hC}{\hat C} $ One note that the covariance matrix $\tilde{M}$ of the pseudo $\tilde{C}(\ell)$ is related to the underlying estimated auto- and cross-spectra $\hC$ through \begin{align} \tilde{M} \equiv \langle\Delta \tilde{C}^{XY}_{\ell_1}\Delta \tilde{C}^{XY}_{\ell_2}\rangle = \left( \left(\hC^{XX}_{\ell_1} \hC^{YY}_{\ell_1} \hC^{XX}_{\ell_2} \hC^{YY}_{\ell_2}\right)^{1/2}
+ \hC^{XY}_{\ell_1} \hC^{XY}_{\ell_2} \right)
\sum_{\ell_3} \frac{2\ell_3+1}{4\pi} \tilde{W}^{(2)}_{\ell_3} \left(
\begin{array}{ccc}
\! \ell_1\! & \ell_2\! & \ell_3\! \\
\! 0 \! & 0 \! & 0 \!
\end{array}
\right)^2,
\label{eq:covpseudo} \end{align} where $\tilde{W}^{(2)}_{\ell}$ is the power spectrum of the square of the pixel mask (Eqs. \ref{eq:wlmdef} and \ref{eq:wlm2wl} for $n=2$). The covariance matrix $\hat{M}$ of the Spice estimator is then computed by applying Eqs. \ref{eq:cl2xi}, \ref{eq:xi_deconv}, \ref{eq:xi2cl} and \ref{eq:clfinal} on each row and column of $\tilde{M}$.
The products described here, spectra $C(l)$ and covariances $M_{\ell \ell'}$ can be used to
estimate the high-$\ell$ likelihood of a given theoretical model given the data available.
MISSING: figures of C(l)
Inputs[edit]
- Maps
- The input maps are the 13 HFI detset (see Type of maps section for details) maps available at 100, 143 and 217 GHz. These are the same as the ones used for high-ell part of the likelihood code, but that code applies different masks for each cross-spectra in order to minimize further the foreground contamination.
- Sky mask
- All maps were analyzed on the 42.8% of the sky defined by the apodized mask HFI_PowerSpect_Mask_2048_R1.10.fits, which masks out Galactic Plane and point sources (see planck2013-p08), and which is shown below
- Beam Window Function
- The beam window functions $B(l)$, and their uncertainties, are the ones used in the high-ell likelihood analysis, described in section 6.1 "Error Eigenmodes" of planck2013-p08 and provided in the HFI RIMO.
Related products[edit]
None
File names and structure[edit]
Power spectra are provided for the auto and cross products built from the 13 detsets available at 100, 143 and 217 GHz, namely:
- 100-ds1, 100-ds2,
- 143-ds1, 143-ds2, 143-5, 143-6, 143-7,
- 217-ds1, 217-ds2, 217-1, 217-2, 217-3, 217-4
which makes 13*(13+1)/2 = 91 spectra. Filenames for the auto spectra are HFI_PowerSPect_{detset}_Relnum.fits and HFI_PowerSPect_{detset1}x{detset2}_Relnum.fits for the auto- and cross-spectra, respectively. The list of the 91 files is given below. Each files contains 2 BINTABLE extensions:
| Column Name | Data Type | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. EXTNAME = 'POW-SPEC' : Data columns | |||
| TEMP_CL | Real*4 | microKcmb2 | the power spectrum |
| TEMP_CL_ERR | Real*4 | microKcmb2 | estimate of the uncertainty in the power spectrum |
| Keywords | |||
| LMIN | Integer | 0 | First value of ell (origin 0) |
| LMAX | Integer | value | Last value of ell (origin 0) |
| 2. EXTNAME = 'PSCOVMAT' : Data columns | |||
| COVMAT | Real*4 | microKcmb4 | the covariance matrix |
| Keywords | |||
| TDIM1 | Integer | (dim1, dim2) | matrix dimensions |
Ext POW-SPEC[edit]
A BINTABLE extension with two columns, containing the spectrum and the estimated uncertainty on the spectrum, which is simply the diagonal of the covariance matrix. The length of both vectors is LMAX+1, which is the number of table rows (this is also the NAXIS keyword).
Extension PSCOVMAT[edit]
A BINTABLE extension for the covariance matrix. It consists of a single column of LMAX+1 cells, each cell containing the LMAX+1 elements which make up one row of the matrix.
List of filenames[edit]
HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x100-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x143-5_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x143-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x143-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds1x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x143-5_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x143-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x143-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_100-ds2x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-5x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-6x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-7x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x143-5_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x143-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds1x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x143-5_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x143-6_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x143-7_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_143-ds2x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1x217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-1x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-2x217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-2x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-2x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-2x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-3_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-3x217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-3x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-3x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-4_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-4x217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-4x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-ds1_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-ds1x217-ds2_R1.00.fits HFI_PowerSpect_217-ds2_R1.00.fits
LFI frequency maps power spectra[edit]
Product description[edit]
The angular power spectrum provides information about the distribution of power on the sky map at the various angular scales. It is especially important for CMB, because it is characterized by a number of features, most notably the acoustic peaks, that encode the dependence from cosmological parameters. Therefore, angular power spectra are the basic inputs for the Planck Likelihood Code, and for estimation of cosmological parameters in general.
For this release we have computed only temperature power spectra. Polarization is not included.
Please note that these spectra come from frequency maps. No component separation has been applied, and we have only masked Galactic Plane and detected point sources. Units are .
Production process[edit]
Spectra are computed using cROMAster, a implementation of the pseudo-Cl method described in Hivon et al, 2002. In addition to the original approach, our implementation allows for estimation of cross-power spectra from two or more maps (see Polenta et al, 2005, for details). The software package uses HEALPix modules for spherical harmonic transform and Cl calculation. The schematic of the estimation process is as follows:
- computing the a_lm coefficients from the input temperature map after masking Galactic Plane and point sources.
- computing the pseudo power spectrum from the alms.
- estimating the bias due to the noise power spectrum of the map from noise-only Monte Carlo simulations based on detector noise properties
- correcting for the effect of the adopted mask by computing the mode-mode coupling kernel corresponding to that mask
- deconvolving the effect due to the finite angular resolution of the telescope by using the beam window function
- deconvolving the effect due to the finite size of the pixel in the map by using a pixel window function
- binning the power spectrum from individual multipoles into bandpowers
- estimating error bars on bandpowers from signal plus noise Monte Carlo simulations, where signal simulations include only CMB anisotropies.
Inputs[edit]
The inputs are the following:
- LFI Frequency Maps
- Point source and galactic plane masks (the name being specified in the comment keyword in the header, see Note in Meta Data section below):
| Point source masks | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| LFI_MASK_030-ps_2048_R1.00.fits | |||
| LFI_MASK_044-ps_2048_R1.00.fits | |||
| LFI_MASK_070-ps_2048_R1.00.fits | |||
| Galactic plane masks | |||
| COM_MASK_gal-06_2048_R1.00.fits | |||
| COM_MASK_gal-07_2048_R1.00.fits | |||
- Beam window functions
- Monte Carlo simulations
- binning scheme Media:Power_spectra_CTP_bin_tt.pdf.
File Names[edit]
Meta Data[edit]
The angular power spectra source list in each frequency is structured as a FITS binary table. The Fits extension is composed by the columns described below:
| Column Name | Data Type | Units | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| L | Integer*4 | ell parameter | |
| TEMP_CL | Real*8 | uK | (temperature) |
| TEMP_CL_ERR | Real*8 | uK | error |
Note.- in the comment keyword in the header, the galactic and point source maps used to generate the angular spectra are specified (LFI_MASK_030-ps_2048_R1.00.fits and COM_MASK_gal-06_2048_R1.00.fits in the example below). Note also that, due to an oversight, the mask description related to COM_MASK_gal-xxx is wrong and should refer to the galactic mask.
Below an example of the header.
XTENSION= 'BINTABLE' /Written by IDL: Sat Feb 16 00:44:22 2013 BITPIX = 8 / NAXIS = 2 /Binary table NAXIS1 = 20 /Number of bytes per row NAXIS2 = 130 /Number of rows PCOUNT = 0 /Random parameter count GCOUNT = 1 /Group count TFIELDS = 3 /Number of columns TFORM1 = '1J ' /Integer*4 (long integer) TTYPE1 = 'L ' / TFORM2 = '1D ' /Real*8 (double precision) TTYPE2 = 'TEMP_CL ' / TFORM3 = '1D ' /Real*8 (double precision) TTYPE3 = 'TEMP_CL_ERR' / EXTNAME = 'POW-SPEC' / Extension name EXTVER = 1 /Extension version DATE = '2013-02-15' /Creation date TUNIT2 = 'uK_CMB^2' / TUNIT3 = 'uK_CMB^2' / FILENAME= 'LFI_PowerSpect_030_R1.00.fits' / PROCVER = 'Dx9_delta' / COMMENT --------------------------------------------- COMMENT Original Inputs COMMENT --------------------------------------------- COMMENT TT_30GHz_maskCS0.60_PS30GHzdet_febecopWls COMMENT Used Point source Mask LFI_MASK_030-ps_2048_R1.00.fits COMMENT Used Point source Mask COM_MASK_gal-06_2048_R1.00.fits COMMENT Used FebeCoP 30 GHz wls END
Below an example of the header of two masks used as input: COM_MASK_gal-06_2048_R1.00.fits and LFI_MASK_030-ps_2048_R1.00.fits:
XTENSION= 'BINTABLE' / binary table extension BITPIX = 8 / 8-bit bytes NAXIS = 2 / 2-dimensional binary table NAXIS1 = 4 / width of table in bytes NAXIS2 = 50331648 / number of rows in table PCOUNT = 0 / size of special data area GCOUNT = 1 / one data group (required keyword) TFIELDS = 1 / number of fields in each row TTYPE1 = 'Mask ' / label for field 1 TFORM1 = 'E ' / data format of field: 4-byte REAL TUNIT1 = 'none ' / physical unit of field EXTNAME = '06-GalMask' DATE = '2013-02-16T11:07:42' / file creation date (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss UT) CHECKSUM= 'NaGVNZGUNaGUNYGU' / HDU checksum updated 2013-02-16T11:07:43 DATASUM = '2540860986' / data unit checksum updated 2013-02-16T11:07:43 COMMENT COMMENT *** Planck params *** COMMENT PIXTYPE = 'HEALPIX ' / HEALPIX pixelisation ORDERING= 'NESTED ' / Pixel ordering scheme, either RING or NESTED NSIDE = 2048 / Resolution parameter for HEALPIX FIRSTPIX= 0 / First pixel # (0 based) LASTPIX = 50331647 / Last pixel # (0 based) INDXSCHM= 'IMPLICIT' / Indexing: IMPLICIT or EXPLICIT OBJECT = 'FULLSKY ' / Sky coverage, either FULLSKY or PARTIAL BAD_DATA= -1.6375E+30 COORDSYS= 'GALACTIC' FILENAME= 'COM_MASK_gal-06_2048_R1.00.fits' COMMENT --------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMENT Combined galactic mask 0.6 sky fraction COMMENT Objects used: COMMENT /sci_planck/lfi_dpc_test/ashdown/repository/masks/component_separation/d COMMENT x9/combined_mask_0.60_sky_fraction.fits COMMENT --------------------------------------------------------------------- END
XTENSION= 'BINTABLE' / binary table extension BITPIX = 8 / 8-bit bytes NAXIS = 2 / 2-dimensional binary table NAXIS1 = 4 / width of table in bytes NAXIS2 = 50331648 / number of rows in table PCOUNT = 0 / size of special data area GCOUNT = 1 / one data group (required keyword) TFIELDS = 1 / number of fields in each row TTYPE1 = 'Mask ' / label for field 1 TFORM1 = 'E ' / data format of field: 4-byte REAL TUNIT1 = 'none ' / physical unit of field EXTNAME = '030-PSMask' DATE = '2013-02-16T11:03:20' / file creation date (YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss UT) CHECKSUM= 'fR7ThO7RfO7RfO7R' / HDU checksum updated 2013-02-16T11:03:21 DATASUM = '3828742620' / data unit checksum updated 2013-02-16T11:03:21 COMMENT COMMENT *** Planck params *** COMMENT PIXTYPE = 'HEALPIX ' / HEALPIX pixelisation ORDERING= 'NESTED ' / Pixel ordering scheme, either RING or NESTED NSIDE = 2048 / Resolution parameter for HEALPIX FIRSTPIX= 0 / First pixel # (0 based) LASTPIX = 50331647 / Last pixel # (0 based) INDXSCHM= 'IMPLICIT' / Indexing: IMPLICIT or EXPLICIT OBJECT = 'FULLSKY ' / Sky coverage, either FULLSKY or PARTIAL BAD_DATA= -1.6375E+30 COORDSYS= 'GALACTIC' FILENAME= 'LFI_MASK_030-ps_2048_R1.00.fits' COMMENT --------------------------------------------------------------------- COMMENT The radius of the holes is 3 times the sigma of the beam at the correspo COMMENT nding frequency and sigma is FWHM/(2*sqrt(2ln2)) COMMENT FWHM at 30GHz used = 33.158 arcmin COMMENT Objects used: COMMENT /planck/sci_ops1/LFI_MAPs/DX9_Delta/MASKs/mask_ps_30GHz_beam33amin_nside COMMENT 2048.00_DX9_nonblind_holesize3.fits COMMENT --------------------------------------------------------------------- END
References[edit]
<biblio force=false>
</biblio>
(Planck) High Frequency Instrument
Cosmic Microwave background
(Planck) Low Frequency Instrument
Flexible Image Transfer Specification
Full-Width-at-Half-Maximum
